High-pressure oil-nozzle for grindings



June 19, 1951 F, B, HUGH 2,557,106

HIGH-PRESSURE HOSE NOZZLE FOR GRINDINGS Filed April 12, 1946 INVENTOR.FRANCIS B. HUGHES Patented June 19, 1951 UNITED srA-rss earns?! ()FFlCiEHIGIi-'-PRESSURE OIL NGZZLEFOR 'GRINDING'S Francis B. Hughes,Washington, D. .C.

-- Application April 12,11946, Serial No.- 661,638

(Granted under the act of March 3, "1883, as

4 Claims.

This invention relates'to nozzles, and more particularlytoan'antisplash' nozzle which isdesigned .ofwork duegto the overheatingwhich resulted.

down of the grinding wheels or' cutting tools, the

burnishing of the wor'k'in process, as well'as, a general slowing-upofthe cutting or grinding operations. "While an'increase of the cooling'oil pressure would have remedied this problem; the excessive splashing'WhlCh'IbOUIICB'd off "thework in process could not be controlled,"and'resulted in an impractical 'messy toperation even with shields.

'By'the practice 'of my invention, the speed of the cutting andgrindingoperationsimaybe. substantially increased without experiencing:the deleterious effects of the 'burnishing f the work, offthesplashing-of the'lubricants' and/ or cooling media and oftheaccornpanying break-downpf the "grinding :Wheelspr cutting tools. Inother wordspthe burnishing'of the workin process is substantiallyeliminated and the lifeof the grinding wheels or cutting" tools isextended three or four times the present life. Further, any materialsplashingof the lubricants and/orcooling media isabolished, coupledwithanoverall' reduction in the amount of said lubricants *and/ or coolingmedia that may be requiredto processthe hardenedworkor material.

'It isan object of this invention-to-provide nozzleforgrinding andcutting operations which is so constructed as to adjustably enabletheprojection of apressure -jet of cooling oil or-other media to the exactpoint of *tangential contact between the cutting tool or-grinding' wheeland the work to beprocessed.

:,-Another object of the invention is to provide a combination nozzlehaving -an adjustable exterior. sleeve so. designed asto permit-and-toregulate a completezcircular l collaror curtain :of l oil to beprojectedaboutthe main jet ofcooling "oil or other media.

;Another :.object of :the -present;invention is to provide aniantispla'sh LHOZZlG ;of the .:above described type producing aprimaryxstrearnio'fffluid amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 75"!) 2 anda secondaryflow of'said fluid in the form of a curtain about saidprimary. stream, wherein the direction .of streanrflow is adjustablewith respect to the direction of curtain. flow.

Another object of thepresent'invention' is to provide an. antisplashnozzle of the above described type producing .a central high velocity,primary fluidflow and a low velocity secondary fluid curtain flowsurrounding said primary'ilow.

A still further object of the invention is to provide'an inexpensiveadjustable nozzlewhich may bejattached to .any'feed line which, inpriorrpractices, has,providedthegrinding andcutting machines with "the;re.quired cooling oil or other media.

These andother objects will. be apparent'irom astudy-orthe'appendedspecification, which is presented'bywayofexemplification, andis not meant'toiimit"the'invention. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is'a'n-exploded isometric view of thenozzle showingthejcomponentparts thereof; and

'Fig. 2 is alongitudinal'section of the nozzle showingthe componentparts thereof in assembled position.

Referringto" the drawingsthe present nozzle is provided withan'ezteriorsleevelfi, the rear or base portion of which i is adapted withinternal female threads '26 *for adjustably mounting the same on'theseat it. Theseat Iii isprovided with two portions-formedintegral witheach other: one portion thereof "is the coupling "40 provided with the"externaliithreads "26, cooperating with the internal'threa'ds 200isleeve l2 for adjustably mounting the latter; and the passageway therethrouglrhaving aijpartially threaded portion '22 for-coupling the entirenozzle to .a' cooling medium feed line or theglike, "not shown; and theother portionisa-soclretizs shaped to provide an interior sleevejuxtaposed with the substantially coextensive forward ,portion [3 of theexterior sleeve 12 toformj'an annular'by pass'3ll therebetween.Byadjusting the position ofthe exterior sleeveiion-theseat' H5 thespace.2|, or the area of the openings of channels '28, may be varied bycooperation betweentheshoulder *ti formed on the-exterior 'sleeve- 12-andthe-fiange 3 l aformed on theinteriorsleeve; orby partially coveringsaid openings by theface' fifion sleeve 2, thereby controlling theamountoffluid flow through said lay-pass, as -w'ill-becon1e more-fullyunderstood from the following-discussion.

The socketportion zt of the seat I 6 is internally adapted to receive a--spherical nozzle stem mounting ll-161111961 214, uni-versallyadjustable therein,:carrying the elongated tubular stem I B,

the coupling portion 49 of seat l6, through its passage 50, and stem I8combining to form a central main duct through said nozzle. In addition,the socket portion 23 is provided with an internal- 1y threaded portion25 adapted to receive the annular clamping and retaining member havingthe external threads 32, which cooperates with the socket 23 to hold thespherical nozzle stem mounting member 24 in the desired position,tightening thereof against the mounting member 24 being accomplished byaid of a spanner wrench (not shown) and the wrench sockets I9.

The coupling portion 40 of the seat is is further provided at its socketadjacent end with the above-mentioned radial channels 28, connecting thepassage with the space 2| and the annular by-pass 30. The central mainduct formed by the coupling 41! and the stem l8 enables a central mainflow of cooling oil or other fluid medium, entering the nozzle throughthe passageway 5B and being emitted as a primary stream flow from theforward discharge end 5: of the stem l3, while the channels 28 enable aportion of this fluid to be disbursed into the adjustable space 2| toform a secondary by pass flow being emitted from the annular bypass 39as a circular collar or curtain about the primary stream of coolingmedium. It will now be appreciated that by suitable adjustment of thesleeve I2 on seat l6 one may control the fluid iiow through the by-pass30, by the above-mentioned regulation of the openings of the channels28, or of the space 2|, and thus control the velocity of the circularcollar or curtain of fluid issuing therefrom substantially independentof the main stream flow.

In assembling the present nozzle, the seat 55 is threaded into theexterior sleeve l2, the stem carrying mounting 24 is placed in thesocket portion 23 of the seat, and the clamping and retaining member I1is threaded into said socket. In the operation of the nozzle, it ismounted or attached to a conventional cooling oil feed line by means ofthe threaded portion 22 of the seat H3. Its assembly allows a highpressure primary 1 flow of the oil or cooling medium from the feed lineto pass into and through the main duct formed by the coupling 40 and thestem I8 and to be emitted therefrom as a main stream, while a secondaryportion of the lubricant or cooling medium passes through the channels28 into space 2|, and thence through the annular curtain forming by-pass30. When so by-passed. this fluid is emitted from the nozzle in the formof a curtain or collar about the main flow of oil or other coolingmedium. The desired curtain flow velocity is obtained by adjustment ofsleeve l2 on seat I6 to vary the size of space 2|, or the openings ofthe channels 28. The independen control of the curtain flow thusafforded enables an accurate adjustment of the nozzle l8 to in-- sureproper impingement of the main stream flow upon the cutting or grindinginterface, and ready observation thereof. To this end, the our tain flowmay be stopped by closing space 2|, or

the openings of the channels 28, thus enabling are obtained by properadjustment thereof to substantially quench the splashing resulting fromthe main stream flow. Thus when the nozzle is properly installed on thefluid feed line, it provides an unimpeded central main flow of lubricantpassing through the nozzle and being projected on to the exact point oftangential contact between the cutting or grinding tool and the work tobe processed, and a secondary flow passing through the curtain by-passto form a cu1 tain or collar of fluid about the main stream of fluidemitted from the nozzle stem |8, su stantially quenching the splashingresulting fro...: the impingement of the stream upon the cutting orgrinding interface.

By use of the nozzle embodying the present invention, cutting andgrinding operations may be conveniently accomplished at a higher rate ofspeed than heretofore, due to the fact that they may be practicallyperformed with the exact point of machining contact immersed in a bathof heat transfer fluid which is so controlled as to substantiallyeliminate the splashing effect that heretofore has necessitated the useof cumbersome shields or resulted in an excessive messiness about theequipment. The controlled projection of the heat transfer fluid on thework, without the attendant splashing, has served to transfer thefrictional heat to such an extent as to substantially eliminate theburnishing of the work. In addition, the projected fluid at theincreased working pressures, which serves to clean or Wash the grindingwheel or cutting tool employed, has increased the life thereof threefold. Therefore, through the use of my invention, a better product maybe manufactured with greater economy, convenience, and facility.

If desired, various sized stems l8 may be provided to enable theapplication of the proper amount of oil fiow to the exact interfacebetween the cutting tool or grinding wheel and the work to be processed.Also, the shape of the outlet port or orifice 5| of stem l8 may likewisebe varied to enhance the desired results. Other variations andmodifications of the present invention, within the spirit and scopethereof as defined by the appended claims, will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art and are within the monopoly here embraced.

The invention herein described may be manufactured and used by or forthe Government of the United States of America for governmental purposeswithout the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A nozzle for directing a liquid medium upon a cutting or grindinginterface comprising a stem for directing a stream of said medium, amounting therefor, a socket for said mounting, a clamping means, saidstem and mounting being adjustable in said socket and being clamped inadjusted position by said clamping means, a coupling integral with saidsocket and having a passageway therethrough, said passageway and stemforming a main duct, and a liquid by-pass forming sleeve adjustablymounted on said coupling and socket, said sleeve being spaced from saidsocket along a portion of said socket to form an annular curtaingenerating by-pass to provide a curtain of said medium about saidstream, said main duct and by-pass being connected by a channel, saidsleeve by its adjustability controlling said curtain substantiallyindependently of said stream by regulation of the egress of liquid fromthe channel.

A nozzle for directing a cooling and lubricating medium upon a cuttingor grinding interface comprising a stem for directing a stream of saidmedium, a mounting for said stem, a seat for said mounting having apassageway therethrough, said mounting and stem being adjustable in saidseat, a clamping member to clamp said mounting and stem in adjustedposition, said passageway and stem forming a main duct, and a liquidby-pass forming sleeve adjustably mounted on said seat and spacedtherefrom along a portion of said seat to form a curtain generatingby-pass providing a curtain flow about said stream, said duct andby-pass being connected by a channel, the egress of liquid from saidchannel being varied by adjustment of said sleeve to control 'thecurtain flow substantially independently of said stream.

3. An antisplash nozzle for liquid media comprising a stem for directinga stream of said medium, a mounting for said stem, a seat for saidmounting having a passageway therethrough, said mounting and stem beingadjustable in said seat, means for clamping said mounting and stem inadjusted position, said stem and passageway forming a main duct, and aliquid by-pass forming sleeve adjustably mounted on said seat and spacedtherefrom along a portion of said seat to form a curtain generatingby-pass providing a curtain flow about said stream, said duct andby-pass being connected by a channel, the egress of liquid from saidchannel being varied by adjustment of said sleeve to control the curtainflow.

4. An antisplash nozzle for liquid media comprising a stem for directinga stream of said medium, a mounting therefor, a seat for said mountinghaving a passageway therethrough,

6 4 said stem and mounting being adjustable in said seat, saidpassageway and stem forming a main duct, and a by-pass forming sleeveadjustably mounted on said seat and being spaced therefrom along aportion of said seat to form a curtain by-pass providing a curtain flowabout said stream, said duct and by-pass being connected by a channel,liquid flow through said channel being varied by adjustment of saidsleeve to control the curtain flow.

FRANCIS B. HUGHES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 199,936 Rowland Feb. 5, 1878409,751 Mathewson Aug. 27, 1889 460,496 Bancroft Sept. 29, 1891 812,202Greenlaw Feb. 13, 1906 922,895 Helm May 25, 1909 930,800 Sanger Aug. 10,1909 1,026,688 Macleod et a1 May 21, 1912 1,729,577 Gastell Sept. 24,1929 1,734,580 I-lippenmeyer Nov. 5, 1929 1,823,277 Lum Sept. 15, 19312,000,792 Schmiderknecht May 7, 1935 2,012,623 Boyd Aug. 27, 19352,049,141 Schneider July 28, 1936 2,127,188 Schellin et a1 Aug. 16, 19382,165,164 Waters July 4, 1939 2,197,667 Shook Apr. 16, 1940 2,285,831Pennypacker June 9, 1942 2,313,994 Grant Mar. 16, 1943 2,320,964 YatesJune 1, 1943

